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#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Apply some dumb heuristics to guess at the number of syllables in the English
# word given as the sole required argument
word=${1:?Need a word}
lcword=$(printf %s "$word" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')
# Start counting syllables for the word and vowels for the current vowel group
declare -i sylc vowc
# Iterate through the letters in the word
for ((i = 0; i < ${#word}; i++)); do
case ${word:i:1} in
# If it's a vowel or a y, we might be adding a syllable. We here
# include all the vowels I got out of /usr/share/dict/words on my
# system.
[aeiouyáâäåèéêíóôöûü])
# Bump the number of vowels so far in this group
((vowc++))
# On every odd vowel, we'll add another syllable, so that "e" and
# "ei" are each one syllable, but "eia" and "eiau" are two.
((vowc % 2)) && ((sylc++))
;;
# If it's not a vowel or a y, reset the vowel count
*)
((vowc = 0))
;;
esac
done
# As a special case, if the word ends with a consonant and then "e" and has
# more than one syllable, subtract one syllable as it's probably a silent "e"
if ((sylc > 1)) ; then
case $lcword in
# Exceptions first
*[bcdgptx]le|*c[mn]e|*phe)
;;
*[!aeiouy]e)
((sylc--))
;;
# "pined", "loved", but not "wasted", "devoted"
*[bcdgptx]led)
;;
*[!aeiotuy]ed)
((sylc--))
;;
# Plural forms of the above
*[bc]les|*c[mn]es|*phes)
;;
*[!aeiousy]es)
((sylc--))
;;
esac
fi
# Add a syllable for an "ism" suffix
case $lcword in
*ism|*isms)
((sylc++))
;;
esac
# Print the determined syllable count
printf '%u\n' "$sylc"
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